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Sources and Citations:

(1) Marjorie Heins, Not in Front of the Children: "Indecency," Censorship, and the Innocence of Youth (Chapter 6, "The Ideological Minefield: Sexuality Education") (NY: Hill and Wang); Diana Jean Schemo, "Sex Education With Just One Lesson: No Sex," New York Times, 12/28/00; Priscilla Pardini, "Federal Law Mandates Abstinence-Only Sex Ed: Fundamentalists Successfully Pushed Stealth Legislation," Rethinking Schools, Summer 1998; Jodie Levin-Epstein, "Fact Sheet: 'Abstinence Unless Married' Education," Center for Law and Social Policy, Nov. 1998. See also Arthur Allen, "Does 'Safe Sex' Really Exist?" Salon, 7/21/00, Arthur Allen, "Foil-Wrapped Folly," Salon, 7/24/00, Sharon Lerner, "Just Say No To Sex; Just Say Yes To Big Bucks," Salon, 9/23/99.

(2) "Diocese Will Lead Classes on Abstinence," Helena Independent Record (Mont.), 1/15/00; "Abstinence Program's 'Project Reality' Training is May 6," Bayou Catholic Shriever (La.), 5/4/00; additional information on practices in Louisiana provided by the ACLU of Louisiana.

(3) "Valentine's Day Kick Off True Love Waits Campaign," Mercury Register (Orville, Cal.), 1/26/00; M. Neill, "544 High School Students Make Promise of Abstinence," The Times (Cullman, Ala.), 2/18/00; J. Gish, "No Sex, Please, We're Teens," Evening Sun (Hanover, Pa.), 2/7/00; H. Todd, "Abstinence Workshop Insertion Criticized," Herald Zeitung (New Braunfels, Tex.), 8/8/99.

(4) Martha Quillen, "Franklin Schools Slice Sex-Ed Chapters Out of Health Books," The News & Observer (Raleigh, N.C.) 9/25/97; "Lynchburg School Board Will Censor Illustration in Anatomy Textbook," Associated Press, 9/6/00 (AP-ES-09-06-00 1233EDT).

(5) Jon Craig, "Parents' Objections Cancel AIDS Program," Post-Standard (Syracuse, NY), 10/11/97; "Group Calls for Halt on HIV/AIDS Program Due to Explicit Material," News Leader (Rochelle, Ill.), 10/1/00.

(6) Russ Pulley and Robert Carroll, "Discussion in Health Class Draws Parental Complaint," Kansas City Star, 2/22/98; "Belton Teacher Placed on Leave," Star-Herald (Belton, Mo.), 2/26/98; Mike Berry, "Condom Video Gets High School Teacher Suspended," Orlando Sentinel, 2/11/99.

(7) Reynolds Holding, "Student's Sex Article Prompts Sad Legal Lesson," San Francisco Chronicle, 7/2/00; "Feature Up in Smoke When Principal Axes Sex Stories," Student Press Law Center Report, Winter 1999-2000, p. 20.

(8) Holding, supra n. 7; Jill Grossman, "Students Fight for Sex Education," The Westsider (Mar. 19 - 25, 1998); "Nurses Drop 'Crazy' Sex-Ed Program," Rocky Mountain News (Denver, Colo.), 3/18/99. For an assessment of teen's knowledge about sexuality, see Michael Carrera, et al., "Knowledge about Reproduction, Contraception, and Sexually Transmitted Infections among Young Adolescents in American Cities," Social Policy, Spring 2000.

(9) Diana Jean Schemo, "Sex Education With Just One Lesson: No Sex," New York Times, 12/28/00, A1.

(10) Kaiser Family Foundation, Sex Education in America: A View from Inside the Nation's Classrooms (Menlo Park, CA: The Kaiser Family Foundation, 2000); "Fact Sheet: Public Support for Sexuality Education," SIECUS Report, June/July 2000; Douglas Kirby, "Sexuality and Sex Education at Home and School," Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews 10 (2), 195-209, June 1999 (Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, Inc.)

(11) Jodi Wilgoren, "Abstinence is Focus of U.S. Sex Education," New York Times, 12/15/99; American Medical News, 1/17/00; J. E. Darroch, et al., "Changing Emphases in Sexuality Education in U.S. Secondary Public Schools, 1988 - 1999," Family Planning Perspectives, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 204-11, 265 (Sept./Oct. 2000).

(12) Douglas Kirby, "Effective Approaches to Reducing Adolescent Unprotected Sex, Pregnancy, and Childbearing," Report to the Surgeon General, July 2000; Douglas Kirby, "Sexuality and Sex Education at Home and School," Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews, 10 (2), 195-209, June 1999 (Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, Inc.); John B. Jemmott, et al., "Abstinence and Safer Sex HIV Risk-Reduction Interventions for African-American Adolescents, A Randomized Trial" JAMA, 279(19), 1529-1536 (1998); National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League, "Teens in Crisis: A Comprehensive Strategy to Protect Adolescent Health," May 1998; Lisa Rabasca, "Not Enough Evidence to Support 'Abstinence-Only,'" APA Monitor, 30 (11), Dec. 1999.

(13) Alan Guttmacher Institute (2/24/00) "United States and the Russian Federation Lead the Developed World in Teenage Pregnancies," summarizing Suseela Singh and Jacqueline E. Darroch, "Adolescent Pregnancy and Childbearing: Levels and Trends in Developed Countries," Family Planning Perspectives (Jan./Feb. 2000). See also Ammie Feijoo and Sue Alford, "Adolescent Sexual Health in Europe and the U.S. — Why the Difference?" Transitions 11 (3), March 2000; Anke A Ehrhardt, "Editorial: Our View of Adolescent Sexuality — A Focus on Risk Behavior Without the Developmental Context," Am. J. Pub. Health, 86 (11), 1523-1525, Nov. 1996.

(14) National Institutes of Health, NIH Consensus Statement, Interventions to Prevent HIV Risk Behaviors, Vol. 15, No. 2, Feb.11 - 13, 1997, pp. 15 - 16.

Selected Bibliography

Allen, Arthur. "Does 'Safe Sex' Really Exist?" Salon (July 21, 2000)

Allen, Arthur. "Foil-Wrapped Folly," Salon (July 24, 2000).

Carrera, Michael , et al. "Knowledge about Reproduction, Contraception, and Sexually Transmitted Infections among Young Adolescents in American Cities," Social Policy (Spring 2000).

Heins, Marjorie. Not in Front of the Children: "Indecency," Censorship, and the Innocence of Youth (NY: Hill and Wang) (forthcoming, 2001)

Interventions to Prevent HIV Risk Behaviors. NIH Consensus Statement, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Feb. 11- 13, 1997).

Kirby, Douglas. "Sexuality and Sex Education at Home and School," Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews 10 (2), 195-209, June 1999 (Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus, Inc.)

Lerner, Sharon. "Just Say No To Sex; Just Say Yes To Big Bucks," Salon (Sept. 23, 1999).

Levin-Epstein, Jodie. "Fact Sheet: Abstinence Unless Married' Education," Center for Law and Social Policy).

Pardini, Priscilla. "Federal Law Mandates Abstinence-Only Sex Ed: Fundamentalists Successfully Pushed Stealth Legislation," Rethinking Schools (Summer 1998).

Schemo, Diana Jean. "Sex Education With Just One Lesson: No Sex," New York Times, Dec. 28, 2000, A1.

Sexuality Education and Information Council of the United States, "Fact Sheet: Public Support for Sexuality Education," SIECUS Report, June/July 2000.